Hydrocarbon motor



. 1,613,706 0. F. JOHNSON I HYDRodARBou MOTOR Origin l Filed Nov. 26; 1915 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 wuemtoz 3513 mix mom W1 5 36 I 555522? LEM/75m) I 2 Sheets-Sheet g c. F. JOHNSON HYDROCARBON MOTOR Original Filed Nov. 26, 1915 Jan. 11 A927.

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Patented Jan. 11, 1927,

UNITED STATES I 1,613,706 PATENT OFFICE.

CHESTER F. JOHNSON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

. Original application filed November the mixture is far from ideal when the car-' bureter is operating under different climatic conditions. Maximum power canbe .obtained only with a nearly correct mixture which obtains greater fuel economy.

Having this problem in mind, one object ofthe invention is automatically controlling the-quality of the fuel mixture according to the temperature, to secure .at all temperatures'maximum efiiciency. One reliable and eflicient construction embodies a thermally operated valve controlling the pressure in the fuel chamber, preferably by opening and closing a suction port leading to the fuel chamber.

ing chamber, which is ordinarily controlled also by the throttle, and it may be controlled according to the temperature in the fuel chamber or the temperature of the air out side the carbureter, and either controlled directly or by varying avent which breaks the suction more'or less.

As one inexpensive and rugged construction, the port or ports are opened or closed by the automatic flexing of a bimet'al leaf thermostat.

Other features of the invention will be apparent from the following description'of the illustrated embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawing. Figure 1 is a side elevation showing portions broken away, of a carbureter provided with an auxiliary air valve, and embodying a form of this invention; 7

Figure 2 is a Vertical sectional View substantially on line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a modified form of this invention;

Figures 4 and 5 illustrate other modifications' Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view of the modified form shown in Figure 5, substantially on line 6-6 thereof, and

Figure 7 is a fragmentary side elevation The suction may be from the mix-' 26. 1915. Serial No. 63,468. Divided and this application filed J'une 12, 1924. Serial No. 719,555.

of the regulating band and its securing means, as applied to the modification shown in Figures 5 and 6.

Referring to the drawings, in the particular arrangement selected for illustration of theinvention, particularly Figures 1 and 2,

'10 indicates the main body, comprising an upwardly extending cylindrical portion 11, n which may be arranged a shaft 12, carrylng a throttle 13. An operating arm 14 is suitably arranged on the shaft 12, and has pivotally secured thereto an operating. link 15 and a spring 16, which may be suitably secured at its opposite end, as at 17, to the body 10. r

The lower portion 18 of the body forms a mixing chamber and is provided with an opening 19, across which is arranged a downwardly inclined diaphragm or partition 20, having a downwardly tapered mixing on carbureting tube 21 arranged in the center thereof. w

It will be noted that the tube 21 is'provided with perforations 22 to permit drainlog off of the fuel which may condense in the body and accumulate on the diaphragm.

A float chamber is provided, which consists of a central member 23, comprising a head or cover 24, and upwardly extending lugs or flanges 25, adapted to abut against the diaphragm. The cover 24 is provided with a port 26 and nipple'27, which is adapted to be connected with a source of fuel. The cover is also provided with a' downwardly extending channel 28, which also forms a seat 29 for a'valve 30, which is adapted to be actuated by the usual float 31, pivoted as at 32 to the cover. A fuel nozzle of proper proportions, having a discharge port 33 and an intake port 34 is formed with an inter nally threaded portion 35, in which may be arranged a plug 36, which also serves to hold a bowl or shell 37 in position.

It will be noted that the cover 24 may be secured to the body 10, as by bolts 38 and is provided with a lateral port 39, which is adapted to be protected by the downwardly extending flanges 40 of the diaphragm 20. This port, it will be understood, forms a primary intake for the air which is adapted to be directed downwardly by the diaphragm 20, and to be then drawn upwardly through, the tube 21, after entering therein, as at 41.

The body 10 has a portion formed integral therewith, extending laterally from the mix thereto.

It will be understood that the valve chamber 42 is in constant communication with the mixing chamber 18.

A mixture regulator is provided, which will now be particularly described. Formed in the body 10 is a channel or passage 50, provided with a port 51 at its inner end communicating-with the mixing chamber, and a port 52 is also provided at its outer end, in constant communication with another channel or groove 53 formed in the body 10. Another channel or passage 54 is provided with a 'port 55 at its lower end, communicating with the upper part of the float chamber 56. It is also provided with aport 57 arranged at its opposite ,end in constant communication with the channels 53 and 50.

A valve member or shutter 60, which may be secured to the throttle shaft 12 and operated thereby, is adapted to cause the ports 52 and 57 to co municate with the atmosphere, or to be cu off therefrom, so that they are left only in communication with each other. A threaded valve 61, adapted to fit the passage 50, is used. Another channel or vent 62, having a port 63 in the float chamber in constant communication with atmospheric pressure as at 64 is provided.

A thermally operated valve member 65 is secured-to the cover '24, as by screws 66, and has its free end 67 adapted to restrict the port 55 when the temperature of the car-.

bureter decreases. Another thermally operated valve member 68, of circular form, may

. be secured in position in the mixing chamber 18, as by pins or rivets 69, and adapted to close the port 51, as the temperature of the carbureter is decreased, and to open the port .51 as the temperature increases. In other words the action of the valve 60, which is connected to the throttleshaft 12, may be qualified by either or both of these automatic. valve members 65 and 68.

-Having thus described the construction of the carbureter shown particularly in Figures 1 and 2, the operation will be understood as follows:

It will be ,understood that when the throttle is almost closed and the motor running idly, the primary air is drawn in the intake port 39, thence through theiopening 41 and mi-xin with gasoline issuing from the fuel nozz eas at 33, into the mixing I chamber18.

Of course, as the suction of the motor increases the auxiliary air valve 44 is opened and increases the supply of air to the'carb'ureter. i

opened appreciably, the ports 52 and 57 havetheir communicationwith the atmosphere cut off, so that the suction or vacuum in the mixing chamber is caused to act through the channels 50, 53 and 54, directly on the surface ofthe fuel in the float. chamber, thus tending to decrease the pressure therein, and to retard the flow of fuel from the nozzle at 33.

The valve 61 is adapted to be adjusted to give the proper degree of suction from the mixing chaniber to the float chamber. The means for providing a varying quality of fnel'in definite relation to the various pos1-' tions of the throttle is claimed in my application Serial No. 63,468, tiled Nov. 26, 1915, of which this application is a division.

Referring particularly to Figure 3, it will be noted that in addition to the parts used in the carbureter, illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, another passage 70, having a port 71 in constant communication with the mixing chamber, and a port 72 adapted to be auton'iatically brought into communication with the float chamber. is provided, the latter port being adapted to be'restricted by a thermally operated valve member 73 I This thermally operated valve member may be of any well known thermo-sensitive metal, and may be secured to the cover 24, as by screws 74. This thermo-responsive member is so constructed that when the temperature of the metal decreases, it contracts against the port 72 closing the same, thus decreasing the action on the float chamber of the Vacuum from the mixing chamber 18 and vice versa.

The passage regulated by the thermally operated valve member 73 illustrated in Figure 3, varies the pressure in the float chamber in accordance with the temperature; the passage 50,53, 57 and 54 controlled by the shutter 60, varies the pressure in the float chamber in accordance with the throttle positions. I Figure 4 shows an application of a thermally operated valve member 65 applied to the cover 24 as the. valve members shown in Figures 2 and 3. In Figures 2 and 4 the thermally operated valve member is adapted to restrict the passage which is also controlled by the'throttle positions, while in Figure 3 it restricts an independent passage. In Figure 4 the carbureter is also provided with a circular thermally operated valve band 75, which is adapted to restrict the opening in the port 64 in the vent or channel 62, thus decreasing the pressure in the float chamber as the temperatureof the carbureter increases; thus the action of the valve member or shutter 60 is qualified by an automatically or thermally operated valve.

' Figures 5, 6 and 7 illustrate a carburetor which has substituted in placeof the manuing chamber, means for supplying fuel from as the shutter valve 60, as described, in connection with Figures 1 and 2; thus it will be seen that the pressure regulator shown in Figures 5,-6 and 7 1s purely automatic, as

affected by variation in climatic operating.

conditions.

While I have illustrated and described various modifications and applications of my invention, it will, of course, be understood that they are merely illustrative, and various other modifications and changes may be made by one skilledin the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention intended to be covered thereby. I claim i 1. In a carburetor, a fuel chamber, a mixsaid fuel chamber to said mixing chamber, means for supplying air to said mixing chamber, and means for varying the relative proportions of fuel and air supplied to said mixing chamber in acordance with temperature changes comprising heat responsive mechanism operative .tovary the pressure acting upon the fuel in said chamber.

2. In a carbureter, a fuel chamber provided with a port to communicate with the atmosphere, a mixing chamber provided with a port adapted to communicate with the atmosphere, said ports also being adapted to communicate with each other and to be cut off from the atmosphere, and thermally operated means for controlling the communication ofsaid ports. I 7

3. In a carbureter, a fuel chamber, a mixing chamber, an air passage connecting said chambers and communicating with the atmosphere through a port, and thermally controlled means for restricting said port increasingly as the temperature rises.

4. In a carbureter, a fuel chamber arranged to contain liquid fuel and air, a mixing chamber, means for supplying fuel from said fuel chamber to said mixing chamber, means for supplying air to said .mixing chamber, and means for varying the. relative proportions of fuel and air supplied to said mixing chamber "in accordance with tem-- perature changes comprising heat responsive. mechanism operative to vary the pressureexerted by the air in said fuel chamber upon the fuel therein.

., 5. In a carbureter, a fuel chamber, a m xing-chambely'an air passage connecting said chambers and provided with a port adapted to communicate with the atmosphere, and thermally-operated means for controlling said port.

6. In a carbureter, a fuel chamber, provided with an air vent. and thermally operated means for controlling said vent.

7. In a carbureter, afuel chamber, a mixing chamber, an air passage connecting said chambers, and thermally operated valve means fore-ontrolling the communication of said chambers through said passage.

8. In a carbureter, a fuel mixing conduit having a fuel supply passage and an air supply passage opening therein,'manually operated means for controlling the application of air pressure to said fuel passage to increase the flow of fuel therefrom, and thermally operated means rendering said manually operated means less effective as the temperature rises.

9. In a carburetor, afuel chamber, a mix ing chamber, means for supplying fuel from said fuelchamber to said mixing chamber, means controlled by the position of the throttle for varying the pressure on the fuel in said fuel chamber and heat-responsivev means operative to modify the action of said pressure-varying means 1n accordance with changes of temperature.

10. In acarbureter, a fuel chamber, a mixing chamber, an air passage connecting said chambers, thermally controlled means located 'within isaid'mixing chamber and adapted to control the opening of said air'passage tending to increase the pressure within the fuel chamber as the temperature falls and to decrease the pressure as the temperature rises. 1 11. In a carbureter, a fuel chamber, a mixing chamber an air passage connecting said chambers, thermally controlled means locat ed within said fuel chamber and adapted to control the opening of said air passage.

fuel therein, and thermally responsive means associated with said'last named passage to modify the pressure on the liquid in said fuel chamber.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

cnnsrnnv F. JOHNSON. 

